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(12)listen to、hear的用法：兩個詞與聽覺有關(guān),listen to指“聽”這一過程,hear指“聽到”這一結(jié)果。如：Are you listening to me,Jim? Yes,I have heard your words.(吉姆,你在聽我說嗎?是的,你的話我全聽見了)
(13)look、see、watch、read的用法：四個詞均與眼睛有關(guān),look指放眼去“看”(不管是否看得到),指“看”的過程;see指“看見”這一結(jié)果,有時see還引申為“明白”,表示“看”時后面加“電影”等詞;watch指專注的看,含有“注視、監(jiān)視”之義,后面常跟“電視、比賽”等詞;read限制為看書面材料,譯為“看、閱讀”,后面跟“書、報紙、雜志”等詞。如：What are you looking at?(你在看什么?)/ Please look at the blackboard. (請看黑板)/ Let me go to see the film, mum, will you? (媽媽,讓我去看電影吧,好嗎?)/ He won’t feel well until he finishes watching the football match. (要看完了足球賽他才會感覺好些)/ Reading gives us knowledge.(閱讀給我們知識)
(14)hear、hear of、hear from、learn的用法： hear“聽說”,后面可以跟名詞、代詞、從句表示聽見的內(nèi)容,hear of“聽說”,后面跟人,指對某人有耳聞但沒有見過面;hear from“收到……的來信”,后面加人;learn“聽說、得知”,后面跟從句,含義與hear相似。如：I hear Mr. Green is coming to see us tonight. (我聽說格林先生今晚要來看望我們)/ Have you ever heard of the man who once went to the Himalaya Mountains? (你是否聽說過那個去過喜馬拉雅山的人?)/ How often do you hear from your father? (隔多久你收到你父親的信?)/ He learned the musician himself was in town.(他聽說音樂家本人就在城里)
(15)speak、talk、say、tell的用法：四個詞與“說”有關(guān)。speak“講話、發(fā)言、演說”,是不及物動詞,涉及人時要加介詞to,speak作及物動詞時后面跟語言名稱;talk“談話、閑談”,是不及物動詞,涉及人時用介詞with、to等,涉及事情時后面跟介詞about等;say 是及物動詞,后面跟名詞、代詞、從句等,表示說的內(nèi)容;tell是及物動詞,后面首先要跟人,然后再跟從句或者介詞短語等。如：Do you speak English? (你講英語嗎?)/ Who spoke at the meeting? (誰在會上發(fā)了言?)/ Our teacher is talking to Lin Tao’s parent. (我們的老師正在跟林濤的家長講話)/ Can you say it in English? (你能用英語說出它嗎?)/ Please tell me something about the strange flying object. (請跟我講講那個奇怪的飛行物的事情吧)
(16)be able to(do)、can的用法：can是情態(tài)動詞,有許多含義,表示“可能、可以、會”等意思,只有現(xiàn)在式can和過去式could兩種形式;be able to表示能力上“會”,有多種時態(tài)形式,to后面跟動詞原形,有時可以與can/could互換。如：Can you speak English? (你會說英語嗎?)/ He couldn’t(wasn’t able to) swim when he was 12. (他十二歲時不會游泳)
(17)there be、have的用法：兩個詞都可以譯為“有”,但是,have表示的是“擁有”,主語必須是人或者物;there be表示“存在”的概念,主語在there be之后。如：How many brothers and sisters do you have? I have only one brother. (你有多少兄弟?我只有一個兄弟。)/ How many chairs and desks are there in their classroom? There is none. (他們教室里有多少張桌椅?一張也沒有。)
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