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定語(yǔ)從句是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中的一個(gè)重要語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目,也是教師資格考試中考查學(xué)生的專業(yè)知識(shí)與能力的體現(xiàn)。根據(jù)這一知識(shí)點(diǎn)在中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中的實(shí)際地位,現(xiàn)將定語(yǔ)從句易出錯(cuò)的地方歸納為以下幾點(diǎn),希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。

易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)一:關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的混用

例 1. I’ll never forget the days when I spent in New York with you.

例 2. I’ll never forget the days which I visited New York with you.

析:例 1 中的 when 應(yīng)改為 which 或 that ;例 2 中的 which 應(yīng)改為 when .

區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的關(guān)鍵是看它們?cè)诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?。如果定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ),就應(yīng)考慮使用關(guān)系代詞,如例 1 ;若定語(yǔ)從句中缺少狀語(yǔ),就應(yīng)考慮使用關(guān)系副詞,如例 2 .

【考場(chǎng)思維訓(xùn)練】

1.After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _____ he grew up as a child.

A. which B. where C. that D. when

【答案】B。解析:定語(yǔ)從句缺地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。

2. I never forget the days _____ we spent together.

A. that B. when C. whose D. what

【答案】A。解析:that在定語(yǔ)從句中作"spent” 的賓語(yǔ)。

3. Have you seen the film" Titanic", ______ leading actor is world famous?

A. its B. it' s C. whose D. which

【答案】C。解析:whose作定語(yǔ)從句中主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)。

易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)二:固定句式出差錯(cuò) (關(guān)系代詞as的用法)

例 3. Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her.

例 4. Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves.

析:例 3 中的 as 應(yīng)改為 that ; 例 4 中的 that 應(yīng)改為 as .

so…as 或 so…that 為固定句式,前者為 as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句, as 在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ),如例 4 ;后者為 that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,該從句的成分是完整的,不缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),如例 3 .類似的固定句式還有 the same… as (that) , such…as , as…as 等。

【考場(chǎng)思維訓(xùn)練】

1、The word "write" has the same pronunciation ____ the word "right"

A. of B. as C. to D. from

【答案】B。解析:as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句既可指人又可指物,它只能替代由such,the same等修飾的先行詞,故選B。

2、We have found such materials ____ are used in their factory.

A. what B. that C. how D. as

【答案】D。解析:such+名詞+as…“像……一樣的;像……之類” the same+名詞+as.. “和……同樣的”,其中關(guān)系代詞as在從句中可擔(dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。該句中作主語(yǔ),故選D。

3、This book is very interesting. Where did you buy it? I will buy the same book you have bought.

A. which B. as C. that D. what

【答案】B。解析:the same…as...

4. Last term our math’s teacher set so difficult an examination

problem ____ none of us worked out.

A. that B. as C. so that D. which

【答案】B。解析:此題易誤選為A,選A是把a(bǔ)s引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句與“so / such…that…”結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句弄混淆了。so 修飾先行詞時(shí)用as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句且as剛好能作“worked out”這一及物性動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ),故as正確;而選A則只能為“如此……以至于……”的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,此時(shí)that不在從句中做成分,故此時(shí) worked out 缺少賓語(yǔ),因而選that錯(cuò)誤。

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