提醒：點這里加小編微信（領(lǐng)取免費資料、獲取最新資訊、解決考教師一切疑問?。?/p>
(5) 動詞后面跟雙賓語時可以采用兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：
①動詞+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(物)。如：He often gives me some help. (他常常幫我。)
②動詞+直接賓語+介詞+間接賓語。注意,一般情況介詞用to,但動詞是make, buy, borrow時,介詞用for.如： Please make me a kite. (請給我做個風(fēng)箏。)或Please make a kite for me.
(6) 在“動詞+賓語+賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)中,如果賓語是不定式、動名詞、賓語從句,則常用it做形式賓語,而將實際的賓語移到補語后面去。如：I found the job rather difficult. (我發(fā)覺這個工作相當(dāng)難做。) / I found it rather difficult to do the job.
(7) 賓語可以由從句充當(dāng),詳見“賓語從句”。
4、表語：
(1) 說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、狀況等含義的成分,通常由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、名詞、代詞等充當(dāng)。如：He became a doctor after he left high school.(高中畢業(yè)他當(dāng)上了醫(yī)生。) / The rubber wheels are over there.(橡膠輪子在那邊。) / He does not feel like eating anything today because he has caught a bad cold.(他今天不想吃任何東西因為他得了重感冒。) / Who is it?(誰呀?)
(2) 表語只能放在連系動詞(如：be,look,become,turn get,grow,feel,seem) 之后,對表語進行提問的句子除外。
(3) 代詞做表語一般用主格,口語中常用賓。如：It’s I. (It’s me.)是我。
(4) 只能作表語的形容詞有：sorry,afraid,alone,asleep,awake,ill,well,sure,interested等等。He was terribly sorry for his carelessness.(他很為他的粗心而歉疚。) / Please make no noise here; the baby is asleep.(請不要發(fā)出響動,嬰兒正熟睡呢。) / I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!(我只是對獨坐孤舟無所事事感興趣。) / I am not alone in thinking so.(并非只有我才這樣想的。)
(5) 表語也可以由從句充當(dāng),詳見“表語從句”。
5、定語：
(1) 修飾名詞或代詞的成分,常由形容詞、名詞(含所有格)、代詞(物主、指示、疑問、不定)、介詞短語、不定式(短語)充當(dāng),在初三階段還學(xué)習(xí)了定語從句做定 語的知識。如：Put it in the top drawer.(把它放在最上層的抽屜里。) / France and Switzerland are European countries. (法國和瑞士是歐洲國家。) / His mother and father are both college teachers.(他的父母都是大學(xué)教師。) / This is the day that I can never forget in my life.(這是我一輩子難忘的日子。)
(2) 單詞做定語時一般放在被修飾的名詞前面,而且有一定的次序：
(3) 時間副詞(now,then,today,yesterday,...)、地點副詞(here,there,back,in,out,home,...作 定語時放在被修飾的名詞后面。如：I could not find my way out, so I stayed there all along. (我找不到出去的路,所以就一直呆在那兒。)
(4) 介詞短語修飾名詞時只能放在名詞的后面：The monkey in the cage was caught yesterday. (籠子里的猴子是昨天逮著的。)
(5) 形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時,往往后置。如：He remembered everything unusual. (他記得所有不尋常的事情。)
(6) 定語還可以用從句充當(dāng),詳見 定語從句。
(7) 注意：由于定語屬于修飾性的成分,因此它常歸入主語、賓語、表語之中,不作為句子的主要成分。
6、狀語：
(1) 說明動作“何時”、“何地”、“如何”發(fā)生,或者說明形容詞或副詞的程度,一般由副詞、介詞短語、不定式、狀語從句等充當(dāng)。如：I was not born yesterday.(我又不是昨天才出世的娃娃。)/ For many of these families a college education was something new.(對其中的許多家庭來說,大學(xué)教育是件新事物。)/ He woke up to find his house on fire.(他醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)房子著火了。) / You cannot leave until your work is finished.(在你的工作被完成以前你不能離開)
(2) 副詞作狀語位置較為靈活。
(3) 多個狀語相連時,一般先單詞、后短語,先地點、后時間,先小概念、后大概念。如：He went ouf of the room at a quarter to 23:00 last night and then disappeared into the dark.(他昨夜22點3刻從房間里出來,然后消失在黑暗之中。)
(4) 狀語還可以用從句來充當(dāng),有時間狀語從句、地點狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、比較狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、條件狀語從句等。
(5) 注意：由于狀語屬于修飾性的成分,常歸入謂語,因此不作為句子的主要成分。
7、賓語補足語：
(1) 補充說明賓語的動作、狀態(tài)的成分為賓語補足語,常由名詞、形容詞、動詞非謂語形式(不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等)、介詞短語等充當(dāng)。如：Call him Jim, please. (請叫他Jim。) / I tried my best to make him happy. (我竭盡所能讓他開心。) / Ask her to come to dinner tomorrow. (請他明天來。) / He let the smaller animals bring food to him. (他讓小動物們給他帶食物來。)
(2) 部分表示位置、方向的副詞也可以作賓語補足語。如：Let him in, I tell you! (我跟你說,讓他進來!)/ Please put it away. (請把它收起來。)
提醒：點這里加小編微信（領(lǐng)取免費資料、獲取最新資訊、解決考教師一切疑問！）
