提醒：點(diǎn)這里加小編微信（領(lǐng)取免費(fèi)資料、獲取最新資訊、解決考教師一切疑問?。?/p>
2. 先行詞是物時(shí)that 和which一般可以互換使用，但有時(shí)不可換用。
(1) 下列場合一般用that:
a. 先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, the
one, none等不定代詞
We should do all that is useful to the people.
The little that I have seen of his work is satisfactory.
b. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級以及first, last, any, only, few, much, no,
some, very等詞修飾
The first book that I bought in this bookstore is a dictionary.
The last person that I talked with in London is my girlfriend
The best teacher that I have ever met has gone abroad
You can take any seat that is vacant.
c. 先行詞有兩個(gè)：一個(gè)指人，另一個(gè)指物
I miss all the people and places that we visited last summer
d. 主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句。
e. There be 句型中， There is a seat in the corner that is free.
f. 先行詞為數(shù)詞時(shí)
Three buildings have been completed, but there are two that are still under construction.
(2) 下列場合不能用that
a. 在非限定性定語從句中，即逗號后的定語從句不用that引導(dǎo)，指人時(shí)用who或whom, 指物時(shí)用which.
b. 在“介詞+ 關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中不用that, 指人時(shí)用whom, 指物時(shí)用which.
This is the book about which we are talking.
c. 先行詞為that, those時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用which指物，who指人
What’s that which you have got in your hand?
d. 兩個(gè)定語從句，一個(gè)用了that, 另一個(gè)則用which.
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was
newly open to us.
e. 關(guān)系代詞后有插入語時(shí)，只用which
Here are some stamps which – I think – you can take away.
3. 當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞可以省略。
4. 當(dāng)先行詞指時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因(the reason)時(shí)，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語，用when,where, why
如果關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，表語或賓語，則用that 或 which.
I want to visit the place where my mother was born.
= I want to visit the place in which my mother was born.
I still remember the years when I studied in the middle school.
= I still remember the years in which I studied in the middle school.
I don’t know the reason why he didn’t agree with us.
= I didn’t know the reason for which he didn’t agree with us.
5. 當(dāng)先行詞是the way, 并且關(guān)系詞在從句中作方式狀語時(shí)，可以用that, in which引導(dǎo)，也可省略。
當(dāng)先行詞是time, time 當(dāng)“次數(shù)”講時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，且that可以省略;當(dāng)time表示“一段時(shí)間，時(shí)間”講時(shí)，定語從句用when或at / during which引導(dǎo)
I don’t like the way (that / in which) he talked to his mother.
I can hardly remember how many times (that) I’ve failed.
I’ll never forget the time when / at which we visited your hometown.
6. 當(dāng)先行詞family, class, team, army, company等被當(dāng)作單數(shù)時(shí)，定語從句中用which,被當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，用who或whom.
The family, which is a large and rich one, was poor.
The party, who are all children, have lost their way.
7. 當(dāng)先行詞是動物時(shí)，定語從句一般用which
The dog, which he had kept for five years, was killed by someone yesterday.
B.“介詞 + which / whom”引導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時(shí)，常常將介詞前置于作賓語的關(guān)系詞前，I love the music that I can dance to. = I love the music to which I can dance.
The man who I talked to just now is my brother.= The man to whom I talked just now is my brother.
介詞后面的關(guān)系詞指人時(shí)只用whom, 不能用who或that; 指物時(shí)只用which,不能用that.
注意，并非所有情況下介詞都可以前移，含有介詞的短語動詞不可拆開，介詞仍需放在動詞后面，如：look for, look after, take care of等。
“介詞+ which / whom”前還可以用some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代詞，名詞或數(shù)詞等。
His sons, both of whom loved music very much, spent most of their money on CDs.
The house, the roof of which is blue, will be used as a library.
C. 非限定性定語從句
非限定性定語從句和主句的關(guān)系不密切，去掉定語從句，句子的意思仍然完整，形式上用逗號把主句和從句分開，使用時(shí)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
l 非限定性定語從句不能用that引導(dǎo)
l 非限定性定語從句中的關(guān)系詞不能省略。
D.as引導(dǎo)的定語從句的用法
1. as可引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句，用于such…as…., so….as…., the same….as… 結(jié)構(gòu)中。
He bought me such a watch as was advertised in the newspaper.
注意：比較 the same… as…. 和 the same… that….
He bought me the same watch as I lost last week.他買了一塊和我上星期丟的一樣的表。(一樣，但不是同一個(gè))
He bought me the same watch that I lost last week. 他把我上星期丟的那塊表又買回來了。(同一個(gè))
2. 當(dāng)非限定性定語從句的先行詞不是主句中的某一個(gè)詞，而是整個(gè)主句時(shí)，可以用which 或as引導(dǎo)。
在以下情況下用as引導(dǎo)：
a. 從句意思為“正如/正像...一樣”
b. 從句位于句首，構(gòu)成以下結(jié)構(gòu)：
as is well known 眾所周知 as often happens 這種情況經(jīng)常發(fā)生
as is often the case 情況經(jīng)常這樣 as is supposed 如所預(yù)料的一樣
as has been pointed out 如所指出的 as has been said before 如前所說在下面情況經(jīng)常用which引導(dǎo)：主句和從句表示因果關(guān)系。 He lost the game, which made us very disappointed.
非限定性定語從句是否定意義。He gained a big fortune, which meant nothing to him.
E.其他：
1. 分隔定語從句：定語從句與先行詞之間被其他成分分隔開來，這種定語從句叫做分隔定語從句，此時(shí)須注意辨別從句的先行詞。
The days are gone when we suffered so much.
The boss of the company, whose name was Mr. Joe, told the story.
2. 定語從句的謂語與先行詞保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。
注意：先行詞前有one of 修飾，定語從句的謂語用復(fù)數(shù);(not the only one of… = one of…)先行詞前有the (only) one of 修飾時(shí)，定語從句的謂語用單數(shù)。
關(guān)注微信公眾號xreduv了解最新考試資訊，加QQ群337331076定期發(fā)免費(fèi)輔導(dǎo)資料。教師資格證考試時(shí)間臨近，推薦教師資格證網(wǎng)校高清 課程(點(diǎn)擊購買中學(xué) 、小學(xué) 、幼兒園 ，隨報(bào)隨學(xué)，不限時(shí)間次數(shù)。免費(fèi)試聽)，關(guān)于教師資格證考試相關(guān)最新資訊或備考點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入備考專題。
提醒：點(diǎn)這里加小編微信（領(lǐng)取免費(fèi)資料、獲取最新資訊、解決考教師一切疑問?。?/p>
