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構成：肯定句：主語+助動詞have(has)+動詞過去分詞-ed

否定句：主語+助動詞have(has)+not(haven't,hasn't)+動詞過去分詞-ed

一般疑問句：Have(Has)+ 主語+動詞過去分詞-ed+?

特殊疑問句：疑問詞+have(has)+ 主語+動詞過去分詞-ed+?

用法：

1.表示說話之前已完成的動作，而且這個動作的結果對現(xiàn)在是情況仍有影響。常被just,already,yet 等副詞修飾。

Mr. Wang has just come back from America. 王先生剛從美國回來。

2.現(xiàn)在完成時還可用來表示過去發(fā)生的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常帶有for或since 等表示一段時間的狀語。

如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.

3.現(xiàn)在完成時瞬間動詞即終止性動詞不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。

常見終止性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞 (或狀態(tài)動詞) 的對應關系如下:

come / go / arrive / get / reach / move--- be in/at

open --- be open   die --- be dead

close --- be closed   become ---be

borrow --- keep  put on --- wear

buy --- have   leave ----- be away (from)

begin / start ----- be on   fall asleep ---- be asleep

end/finish ----- be over   catch a cold ----- have a cold

join the army ---- be in the army, be a soldier

join the Party---- be in the Party , be a Party member

例：吉姆買這支已有兩年了。

Jim bought this pen two years ago.

Jim has had this pen for two years.

Jim has had this pen since two years ago.

Jim has had this pen since 2012。

It is two years since Jim bought this pen.

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