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① 指代人 (也就是引導(dǎo)修飾人的定語從句) 的關(guān)系代詞who, whom, that，其中who和that既可以作主語也可以做賓語，whom只可以作賓語。作表語只用that。如：

____The police officer____ ____who / that had ruled out the possibility of murder____ ____was very experienced.____(who / that作定語從句的主語)

____The boy____ ____who(m) / that they found missing____ ____was called Justin Foster.____(who / whom / that作定語從句的謂語動詞found的賓語)

____Tom is not the small boy that he used to be.____ (that在從句中作表語)

② 指代事物(也就是引導(dǎo)修飾事物的定語從句) 的關(guān)系代詞which和that，兩者都既可以作主語也可以做賓語。That還可作表語。如：

____The spaceship____ ____that / which moved around to the side of the house gave off very bright lights.____(that / which作定語從句的主語)

____Water____, ____without which humans couldn’t live,____ ____is the most valuable resouce on the earth.____(which作定語從句中的介詞without的賓語)

____This place is not the villaget that it was ten years ago.____(that在從句中作表語)

(2) 關(guān)系限定詞whose，在定語從句中作定語，指代“名詞先行詞’s”或物主限定詞his, her等，引導(dǎo)修飾人(間或為事物，此時可用whose可被of which替代)的定語從句。如：

____The strange-looking man whose eyes were large and black walked over to Justin.____(whose作eyes的定語，指代the strange-looking man’s，從句修飾人)

____The house whose windows we have just fixed were broken into by burglars.____(whose作 windows的定語，指代the house’s，從句修飾事物)

(3) 關(guān)系副詞where, when和why，在定語從句中作狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+地點名詞先行詞/時間名詞先行詞/原因名詞先行詞”，各自引導(dǎo)修飾這些名詞的定語從句。如：

____The mountain where the volcano lies is not far from here.____(where在從句中作謂語動詞lies的狀語，相當(dāng)于in the mountain從句修飾the mountain)

____The days when people felt content with a simple life are forever gone.____(when在從句中作謂語動詞felt的狀語，相當(dāng)于in the days，從句修飾the days)

____He gave us no reason why he took the job.____(why在從句中作謂語動詞took的狀語，相當(dāng)于for the reason，從句修飾reason)

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