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“一致”就是指前后照應(yīng),英語中的一致包括主語部分和謂語部分的一致以及代詞和被指代名詞短語的一致。
1. 主謂一致的概念:就是指謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面要和主語部分對應(yīng)。
2. 主謂一致的原則:
1)語法一致:即主語和謂語在語法上保持一致。就是說如果主語為單數(shù)形式,謂語就用單數(shù)形式;若主語為復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂語也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
(1) 單數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞、不定式短語、動詞 -ing 形式、或主語從句作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;復(fù)數(shù)主語則用動詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
To say is one thing, to do is another. Who will do the job hasn't been decided yet.
(2) A+with, together / along with, as well as, besides, but, except, including, in addition to, like, no less than, rather than, instead of B應(yīng)根據(jù)A確定。例如:
The father with his two sons has gone to the cinema.
No one except the two boys was late for class.
Li Ming, rather than his classmates, has let out the secret.
(3) and 連接兩個名詞作復(fù)合主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
My father and mother are away on business.
但是,當(dāng)兩個名詞表示同一個人、同一事物、同一概念或一套完整的東西時(其特征是 and 后的名詞前無任何冠詞),謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。例如:
The writer and poet has decided to be on holiday in Yunnan. (對比: The writer and the poet have decided to be on holiday in Yunnan. )
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